In June 1940 the Navy had 4,007 black personnel,2.3 percent of its nearly 170,000-man total. Although the exclusion of Negroes that began with aclause introduced in enlistment regulations in 1922 lasted but a decade,black participation in the Navy remained severely restricted during therest of the interwar period. The period between the world wars marked the nadir of the Navy's relationswith black America. Many of these objects are currently on view in the Double Victory exhibition.CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 3 World War II: The Navy In addition to generous financial contributions, General Powell, his wife, Alma, and their children have also donated over 100 objects to the museum representing Powell’s life and military service. General Powell joined NMAAHC in 2010 as a founding Council member and served on the museum’s advisory board for more than a decade. General Powell was highly decorated as both a soldier and civilian, with domestic and foreign awards including the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit, two Presidential Medals of Freedom, the Legion of Honour from France, and the Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) from Great Britain. Throughout his military and political careers, he advised numerous presidential administrations and greatly impacted domestic and foreign policy. General Powell was the first African American to serve as Secretary of State and the first Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to earn his commission through the ROTC. Powell Gallery in honor of General Powell’s lifelong service to the United States as well as his long-standing support of the museum. In September 2022, the military history gallery was named the General Colin L. Bunch III, founding director of NMAAHC and current Secretary of the Smithsonian. Learn more about General Powell’s life and service through his oral history interview with Lonnie G.
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